| John Hughes (1950-2009) |
John Hughes, one of America’s great film directors and a man who throughout the eighties imbued the American teen with heart and humanity has died recently of a heart attack while walking through Manhattan’s west side. A great champion and sympathizer of all things youthful, irreverent, adolescent and bittersweet, Hughes helped the young people of their 80s understand themselves by casting teenagers in movie roles that were not just funny, but nuanced and dramatic. Though Hughes was involved in the production of over 40 films during his 20 years in the movie industry, he will be best remembered for dealing with the joy and confusion of being a high school student, a topic he touched upon with a unique and intuitive empathy. Sixteen Candles, The Breakfast Club, Pretty in Pink and Ferris Bueller’s Day Off were all masterful reflections of the styles and attitudes of the time— from the preposterous clothes and hair styles to the music he carefully chose, they endure as milestones. Born in Lansing, Michigan, a medium sized city in the America’s industrial mid-west, Hughes’ life before Hollywood was similar in many ways to characters he would later become famous for creating, a fact which no doubt helped him create such authentic portraits of American life. Marrying his high school sweetheart, Norma Jean at the tender age of 20, Hughes’ struggled as a writer for the venerable National Lampoon, a magazine that helped launch the careers of other iconic comedians as Bill Murphy and Chevy Chase. When the National Lampoon asked him to script their first attempts at a film, Hughes found his foot in the door of the film industry. Soon after the success of these early movies, Hughes made his directorial debut with Sixteen Candles, the poignantly funny story of a girl whose 16th birthday gets lost in the shuffle of her bigger sister’s wedding preparations.
The film, which was an immediate critical and commercial success led the way for his myriad later successes, amongst them the tale of a impishly clever truant who drags his best friend and girlfriend on one-man party through Chicago (Ferris Bueller’s Day Off) and a brooding meditation on alienation and the power of peer-pressure (The Breakfast Club), both of which helped him earn an undisputed position as one of the greatest filmmakers of the era. Despite this beloved status, Hughes eventually shunned the spotlight and glamour of Hollywood, and quietly retired to a working farm in rural America to lead a peaceful life far from the excess and egotism of the film industry. One of the positive facets of a decade that otherwise might have been characterized by crass commercialism and Ronald Reagan, John Hughes helped make the eighties bearable. Though young filmmakers such as Wes Anderson and Judd Apatow continue to work from a similar palette, neither of them possesses the exact proportions of charm, honesty, wit and delicacy that characterized Hughes in his prime. Luckily his films remain, always there to offer us the solace of a few goods laughs and a blast of great synth-pop when things here in the 21st get too heavy.
美国著名导演约翰•休斯,最近在曼哈顿西区慢跑时,因心脏病发作辞世。贯穿八十年代,他的电影作品以真情和人性感染了一代美国青少年。 休斯仿佛是美国青少年的代言人,洞悉青春期的青涩,荒唐,幼稚,酸甜苦辣,休斯电影里那些青少年角色,不简单滑稽可笑,而且微妙、生动,八十年代的年青人籍他的电影真正审视自己。在20年的从影生涯里,休斯参与制作了40余部电影,不过,人们将牢记他的,还是他善于在电影中捕捉高中生的快乐和困惑,这个他以独特敏锐的第六感触及的题材。《十六支蜡烛》,《早餐俱乐部》,《红粉佳人》,《跷课天才》,这些影片精彩呈现那个时代的时尚和精神——从可笑的服饰、发型到精心挑选的音乐——这些都将通过他的作品而经久不衰。 约翰•休斯出生于密歇根州的首府兰辛市,美国中西部一个工业化的中型城市。在步入好莱坞之前,休斯的生活,和他在电影里创造的角色有很多共通之处,毫无疑问,这经历对他后来在电影里呈现的美国生活如此真实可信有很大帮助。二十出头,他就和高中甜心诺玛•珍成婚。他为赫赫有名的《国家讽刺》杂志撰稿,这份杂志正是喜剧明星比尔•莫菲和切维•蔡斯的腾飞起点。《国家讽刺》邀他为杂志的第一部电影撰写剧本,休斯终于要踏入好莱坞大门了。很快,几部成功的电影,使得休斯有机会首次以导演的身份,执导自己编剧的电影《十六支蜡烛》,影片描述一个十六岁的女孩,由于家里忙着筹备她姐姐的婚礼,她的生日在一片混乱中给大家忽视的故事。 这部电影票房和口碑双丰收,是休斯后来从多成功之作的伊始:调皮机灵的翘课学生,带着好友和女友一起嬉闹于芝加哥(《跷课天才》),对青少年期同龄人带来的压力和疏离感的理性思考(《早餐俱乐部》),这两部电影,使他无可争议的成为那个年代的最重要导演之一。尽管处在这备受推崇的地位,休斯最终还是选择避开公众视野和好莱坞的喧哗,在农场安静地享受田园生活,远离缺少节制、自我中心的电影圈。 提到八十年代,人们也许会联想到无处不在的拜金主义和里根政府,有了约翰•休斯和他的电影,八十年代似乎少了份无趣。新近的电影人,如韦斯•安德森、贾德•阿帕图继承休斯的衣钵,处理相似的题材和人物,不过他们似乎少了份休斯标签式的特质——那种精确的平衡,既迷人,真诚,又不乏机智和委婉。幸运的是,在二十一世纪过于沉重的氛围里,休斯的电影还会继续给我们带来慰藉和欢乐,伴随着那八十年代砰砰作响的合成器流行乐。 |
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